Varicosis is a chronic disease of subcutaneous veins, in which the functioning of the reverse venous valves occurs, as a result of this, blood stagnation in blood vessels, their swelling and other arising consequences.
Varicose expansion happens in the veins of a small pelvis, esophagus, stomach, in men - testicles (varicocele), but in most cases the disease affects the legs, since they are susceptible to the greatest loads.
The movement of blood through the veins of the lower extremities occurs at the bottom, contrary to gravity.Its back current - reflux - is prevented by the venous valves.As a result of valve deficiency, blood accumulates in the vessels and presses on the walls, stretching them.
Also, against the background of this process, inflammatory phenomena occur.All this is accompanied by symptoms of varicose veins:
- Characteristic winding and knotted thickening of the vessels of the legs.
- Intensive pain and burning, especially with loads.
- Fast fatigue, severity in the legs.
- Dark blue, reddish color of the veins of the lower extremities, which can be clearly seen in the photo.
- The acquisition of brown, glossy pigmentation in the ankle, lower leg.
- Periodic convulsions.
- Ulcers.
Any disease is better treated in the early stages, so it is important to know how varicose veins begins.
Symptoms of the first stage of the disease are arranged in an increase in the increase:
- Evening swelling of the legs.
- After prolonged sitting or standing in caviar, sensations of bursting and severity appear that pass after rest or walk.
- Night cramps in calves, a feeling of heat in one or both legs.
- The manifestation of dark subcutaneous veins and the appearance of vascular "stars" under the knee, on the back of the lower leg.
Most often, varicose veins are manifested in people after 30-40 years, although it happens in schoolchildren.According to various sources, every 10th man and every 3rd woman suffer from him.
The reasons for the development of the disease
- Hereditary predisposition: valve defects, their absence.
- Increased venous pressure:
- Large loads on the legs, weight lifting (for example, engaging in professional sports);
- standing work or a long static position standing;
- Excess weight;
- Pregnancy, hormonal disorders.
- Age -related changes.
- A sedentary lifestyle (for example, sedentary work).
The last factor plays a large role, since not only cardiac contractions, but also contractions of the muscles of the legs contribute to the movement of blood through the veins.
If you do not take any measures, varicose disease is complicated by eczema, thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcer (a long non -healing wound) or rupture of varicose veins.
How to treat varicose veins on the legs?
In addition to a visual medical examination, to identify and evaluate varicose veins allow:
- reovasography;
- Ultrasound of the lower extremities;
- phlebography.
How to treat varicose veins, the phlebologist determines based on the stage of the disease, the patient’s age, the characteristics of his health and condition.By and large, the choice is between conservative treatment and surgical.
In the absence of acute manifestations, the patient is indicated by drug treatment of varicose veins, dietary nutrition, exercises, the use of elastic bandages and a special knitwear for compression of veins on the legs.Therapy and specific drugs are prescribed by the doctor.
Often in the early stages, an ointment is prescribed, which prevents the trimination.Venotonizing agents - phlebotonics are usually used from tablets.
The patient can be shown physiotherapy for improving blood flow, for example, pneumatic massage.Hirudotherapy is considered effective for the treatment of varicose veins, since leeches, sucking blood, release an enzyme that liquefies blood.
All conservative traditional means are aimed at maintaining the tone of the veins and improving the patient's condition, but they do not cure varicose veins.Using a surgical operation, you can remove the affected surface vessels and, if there is, tumors, compressing them.But such a radical way to solve the problem is fraught with complications and has a long recovery period.
To date, the most progressive methods are considered:
- Cauterization of veins with a laser.
- Sclerotherapy (disconnecting damaged veins from blood flow using special medical foam).
Since the disease often occurs during pregnancy, it is important for expectant mothers to periodically visit a phlebologist, especially if there are complaints.
Home treatment of varicose veins and folk remedies
It is possible to improve the state of veins on the legs and relieve symptoms of varicose expansion with the help of popular treatment.There are various means for this.
Horse chestnut is the best remedy for varicose veins.Pour 50 g of flowers 0.5.l.alcohol or vodka.Leave it to infuse for two weeks, and then strain and drink a tablespoon three times a day before meals.In order not to burn the throat, drink tincture with water.In a week, interrupt for 14 days and go through another course.
You can apply the mokritsa leaves to the affected veins, and on top - a broken sheet of burdock, cabbage or plantain.Put such compresses four times a day for 30 minutes.every.The course is several weeks with a break of two.
Pour dried hop cones with a glass of boiled water for 15 minutes.You need to take the infusion completely in 30 minutes.Before eating, and so on before receiving the result.The legs can be treated with the same tool using it as a compress.
No less prolonged treatment - nettle dioecious.It should be brewed with boiling water and, having insisted a little, drink a quarter glass three times a day.
At night with varicose veins, at home, they make a compress made of natural oil and garlic chopped with husk.
Not just pacify varicose veins.Treatment with folk remedies must be supplemented by a diet in which animal fats should be limited in favor of vegetables, fruits and especially berries (the same diet is also indicated with thrombophlebitis).
Prevention and exercises for varicose
If you have a tendency to this disease, the following recommendations will help slow down its progression:
- Do not stand and do not sit for a long time in one place - move, knead, more often change your body position.
- Do not take hot baths, especially in the morning - it is better to replace them with a warm shower with final cold dousing.
- Wear comfortable shoes without heels or low -heeled.
- In case of loads, you can do bandaging of the legs or put on therapeutic knitted things, but only after consulting a doctor.
- Refuse smoking, due to which the state of blood vessels deteriorates.
The main prevention of varicose veins is moderate motor activity: swimming, walking, cycling, charging.We recommend remembering the exercises of the warm -up that will help keep the veins of the legs in good shape.
- Stand straight, hands on the hips, slowly climb to your socks and fall on the feet 20 times, then repeat the same, only the heels together and socks in different directions.After - walk on socks.
- Stand exactly, your legs together, stretch your hands up on inspiration, and on exhalation, return to the original position.Repeat several times, and then do the same, performing a swallow on the exhalation of a pose first with one foot, and then the other.
- Lie on your back and put your legs bent at your knees, on a chair and bent, straighten your feet alternately.
- Do the exercise "Bicycle" - it is amazingly effective for varicose veins.
- Raise your legs top, and then become a “birch” and gently make scissors.
- Lying on your back, alternately pull your legs to your chest without holding your breath.
- Lie on the side, bend the lower leg, and exagge the upper one 20 times the swings forward, upward, then hold the upper leg and raise the lower leg.Do the same on another side.